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Tube Baby Dictionary
Amenorrhea:
The lack of menstruation
Anovulation:
The lack of ovulation. It does not have to occur with the amenorrhea.
Azoospermia:
The lack of sperm in the semen.
Corpus luteum:
It is a special gland in the ovary surface in ovulation. It produces progesterone hormone in the second half of the menstrual cycle. This prepares the uterus surface for the implantation of fertilized eggs.
Ectopic (Extrauterine) Pregnancy:
The fertilized egg settles in a place out of uterus cavity (fallopian tubes, ovary, abdomen cavity) and causes pregnancy to occur.
Embryo Transfer:
Giving the embryo created as a result of in vitro fertilization into the woman’s womb.
Embryo:
It is the early period of fetal development. This period is the period from the fertilization of the egg by sperm to pregnancy of 8 weeks.
Endocrine System:
It is a gland system which includes ovary, testicular, suprarenal gland, tyhroid, hypophysis, thymus systems.
Endometrium:
It is a mucous membrane covering the inside of the uterus.
Epididymis:
It is a system that spreads to front and back of the testicular system in men. It includes a very curled channel of 4-6 meters. Sperms are stored, fed and get mature in this channel for a few months.
Fallopian Tubes:
A couple of slim pipes which carry the egg from ovary to womb.
Fertilization:
Sperm bores the egg for embryo production and genetic material combines.
Fetus:
It is name given to the baby from pregnancy of 9 weeks to birth.
Follicule Stimulating Hormone (FSH):
This hormone is produced from hypophysis. It stimulates the ovary for ovulation and provides follicule maturing.
Follicule:
It is the sac which carries the egg in ovary and contains liquid. It feds the egg and cracks in ovulation and releases the egg.
Gamet:
Male and female germ cells. These are sperm and egg respectively.
Gonadotrophin:
The hormones which stimulate the testicles and ovaries in order to produce sperm and egg from these systems respectively.
Hysteroscopy:
Screening the womb inside with an optic tool.
Hormone
From the placenta in the pregnancy. It prolonges the life of corpus luteum and progesterone production and protects the pregnancy. In addition, it makes pregnancy test positive.
Implantation:
Bedding of fertilized egg within the endometrium in uterus.
In Vitro Fertilization – Embryo Transfer:
The process of bringing the egg and sperm together outside of human body in the laboratory environment and fertilization, and then placement of embryos fertilized into the womb.
Infertility:
The lack of pregnancy or miscarriage of present pregnancy as a result of regular sexual intercourse of the couples without any birth control method.
Insemination:
It is a method applied to provide pregnancy by giving the sperms into the womb.
Conception:
Creating of a new life as a result of fertilization of woman’s egg by the man’s sperm.
Kryo (preservation):
It is a method used to store the embryo as frozen.
Laparoscopy:
Screening the ovaries and fallopian tubes by entering from a small hole under the belly with the help of an optic tool.
Luteinizing Hormone:
It is synthesized from the frontal lobe of the hypophysis gland. LH increase helps the egg become free in the middle of menstruation period.
Morphology:
Determination of sperm shape and dimensions.
Motility:
The percentage of mobile sperm amount to total sperm amount.
Oligospermia:
Sperm amount is lower than normal in men’s ejaculate.
Oocyte collection:
Collection of eggs from ovary follicules. The follicule is entered with an injection and liquid and eggs here are absorbed with the injection and then eggs are placed within the cases containing culture liquid.
Oocyte:
The egg.
Ovary:
One of the women’s reproductive organs. They are two in number. They help produce estrogen and progesterone hormones and develop the egg.
Ovarian Failure:
The lack of answer by the ovary to stimulation with gonadotrophic hormone. It is the lack of follicular tissue depending on genetic or postmenopausal situation.
Ovulation:
Ovulation is that the egg matured in the ovary surface gets free.
Oestradiol:
It is procuded during the follicule development in the ovary. Oestradiol amount is constantly controlled while monitoring the follicule development in the ovulation induction.
Oestrogen:
It is mainly produced in the ovaries. The production lasts from the beginning of puberty to menopause. It is also responsible for the development of secondary sex characters.
Polycystic Ovarion Syndrome (PCO):
There are a lot of cysts in the ovaries. There is an imbalance in LH and FSH amounts.
Polyspermy:
Fertilization of the egg by more than one sperm.
Progesterone:
It is a hormone that is produced by the corpus luteum after the ovulation and protects the pregnancy. It is produced from the placenta along the pregnancy.
Semen Analysis (Spermiogram):
Determination of the number in milimeters, shape and mobility ability of the fresh sperm under microscope.
Cervix:
The womb entry. This area below the uterus stands out into the vagina and enlarges for baby to pass during birth.
Sperm Morphology:
Examination of the shape of sperm cell.
Sperm Motility:
Examination of the mobility of the sperm.
Sperm washing:
The technique of distinguishing the sperm from semen liquid.
Sperm:
Men’s germ cell.
Testicle:
They are from men’s reproductive organs and two in number. They are placed in a bag and produce the men reproductive hormone testosterone and germ cell sperm.
Testosterone:
Men’s reproductive hormone.
Ultrasound:
It is the device through which we see internal reproductive organs and fetus.
Uterus:
The womb is a reproductive organ in muscle structure and protects and feds the emrbyo for its development.
Vagina:
A reservoir/way that connects the cervix and uterus with external reproductive organs in women.
Varicosele:
Enlargement of testicular vena. It is sometimes a reason of men’s infertility.
Viability:
Determination of whether sperm is alive or not.
Viscosity:
Intensity.
Zygote:
The situation of emrbyo in early development.
Zona pellusida:
The membrane covering the outside of the egg. Sperm bores this membrane and gets in and provides fertilization. It is necessary for embryo to be robbed from this membrane in order to be settle in the womb.