IVF-ICSI TREATMENT

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    What is IVF Treatment?

    In vitro fertilization is the most preferred assisted reproductive technique by couples who cannot have a baby naturally. In vitro fertilization, which has been practiced for many years and has enabled many couples to succeed, begins with the collection of female reproductive cell ovaries and male reproductive cell sperm in a laboratory environment. Collected sperm and eggs are fertilized in a laboratory environment. Embryo formation begins as a result of fertilization. The best quality of the developing embryos is transferred to the mother’s womb. IVF treatment has no difference with natural pregnancy.

    In vitro fertilization is generally preferred in cases where there is no pregnancy despite unprotected union with natural methods for 1 year or longer. Families prefer in vitro fertilization as an auxiliary technique in cases of unexplained infertility, low sperm quality in men, clogged tubes, advanced age, weight, and infection. In our Novafertil IVF Center; Today, we recommend our couples to have children under the age of 35 in late marriages due to reasons such as business life and education. Especially for expectant mothers. If the expectant mother is older than 35, she should wait for a maximum of 6 months. The harmonious functioning of the female reproductive system, hormones and organs is very important for a naturally occurring pregnancy. In advancing ages, factors such as hormonal disorders and non-harmonious functioning of organs occur and prevent pregnancy.

    While the rates of inability to have children vary between 10% and 15% worldwide, it is known that 2 million couples are trying to have a child in the statements made by the Ministry of Health in our country. Environmental factors, genetic and hormonal many factors affect this. With the development of surgical techniques in recent years, men who do not have any sperm can also find sperm and have children with in vitro fertilization treatment. Every married couple wants to add happiness to their happiness and to have children. In patients, it is important to first diagnose and then move on to treatment options. Among the treatment options, sometimes simple methods such as just waiting, sometimes medication, and regular coexistence can be tried. Among the advanced treatment options, in vitro fertilization (IVF) or inoculation microinjection (ICSI) methods can be applied.

    How is IVF done? What are IVF Stages?

    First of all, let’s talk about natural pregnancy. Thus, IVF treatment and its purpose will be better understood.

    The pituitary gland in our brain is very important for pregnancy. Because everything starts here. Pituitary gland; It secretes the hormones FSH and LH. The secreted hormones reach the ovaries. Here it stimulates the egg follicles. As a result of stimulation, the eggs reach a certain size and maturity. Then, the healthy egg, which reaches a certain maturity, is transported to the fallopian tubes by cracking. The egg in the fallopian tubes should be fertilized within 24 hours. As estrogen hormone is secreted in this process, thickening of the uterine wall occurs. After the fertilization process takes place, the egg comes to the uterus and the embryo attaches to the uterus wall and completes its development.

    This is how the pregnancy process proceeds naturally. If there is a problem in the mother-to-be or father-to-be in this process, pregnancy does not occur. If we list the factors that cause infertility in men and women:

    Causes of female infertility;

    • Endometriosis
    • Vaginismus
    • Early menopause
    • Low egg reserve
    • Tubal factor
    • Double uterus
    • Septum
    • Polycystic ovary
    • Unexplained infertility

    Causes of male infertility;

    • Azoospermia
    • Andrology
    • Varicocele
    • Low sperm count
    • Klinefelter Syndrome

    Many factors mentioned above prevent pregnancy from occurring. In this case, couples are directed to in vitro fertilization treatment for infertility treatment. In vitro fertilization is performed by collecting the ovaries of the female reproductive cells and the sperms of the male reproductive cells and leaving them for fertilization in the laboratory environment. Women produce an egg each month, and if this egg is fertilized with sperm from the man, pregnancy occurs. Egg production is produced in the ovaries through the hormone FSH secreted from the brain, which stimulates the production of egg production. In IVF treatments, this perfect system of the body is imitated.

    • In the first stage, there is stimulation of the ovaries. At this stage, drugs containing FSH and LH in doses that differ according to the expectant mother are injected. With these, it is tried to produce more than one egg. Stimulation of the ovaries begins on the 2nd or 3rd day of menstruation and the injections last for about 10-14 days. During these days, the patient is called for ultrasonography and the development of the egg is monitored. On these days, hormone monitoring and estradiol monitoring are also performed. When the eggs reach a sufficient size (18-20 mm), the egg cracking needle is made. Under normal conditions, ovulation takes place 48 hours after this process.
    • The second stage is the collection of eggs. Burn at 36 hours before the eggs are 48 hours old must be collected from time to time. Otherwise, there is a risk of eggs being thrown into the abdomen and these eggs cannot be used for treatment. It is entered through the vagina using ultrasonography with a thin needle under general anesthesia. In this process, which takes about 10-15 minutes, a variable number of eggs are taken out of the body. Simultaneously, sperm are collected from the father-to-be.
    • In the third stage, there is the union of the egg and sperm, that is, their fertilization. Eggs collected from the expectant mother are expected to be fertilized by putting sperm into them. This process is called microinjection. 24 hours after fertilization, the egg cell divides into two and this is called an embryo.

    Fertilization of the egg is carried out in two ways in IVF treatment:

    First; is the placement of sperm next to the egg. In other words, the sperm fertilize the egg by itself.

    Latter; It is the injection of sperm directly into the egg. This fertilization, which is in the form of microinjection, takes place under the microscope.

    (Which method will be applied depends on the health status of the couples. At this stage, which is decided according to the couples, the aim is to achieve success in the treatment.)

    • In the fourth stage, the embryo is transferred. Within 72 hours, the number of cells becomes 16 and embryo transfer is performed at this stage or on the 5th day. In the embryo transfer process, embryos are transferred from the vagina to the uterus with the help of a thin catheter using USG (ultrasonography). The best quality eggs are selected for embryo transfer. In accordance with the regulations, one embryo is transferred under the age of 35 and 2 embryos are transferred over the age of 35. The reason for this restriction is to reduce the risk of multiple pregnancy. Twin or triplet pregnancies are highly undesirable as they increase the risk for the baby. Unused quality embryos are frozen and used later if needed. Embryo transfer, the last part of IVF treatment, is the most exciting period for the expectant mother and her doctor. The treatments are over and the pregnancy news has begun to wait.
    • In the fifth stage, it is checked whether pregnancy has occurred or not. A blood test is done 12 days after the transfer. Beta HCG value is checked in blood values. If the result is positive according to the values, it means that the treatment has been successful. And it means that the pregnancy process of the expectant mother has begun. As we mentioned before, pregnancies provided by in vitro fertilization are no different from pregnancies obtained naturally.

    When Should IVF Treatment Be Done?

    For IVF treatment, you should wait for your menstrual period. Treatment is started on the 2nd or 3rd day of your period. Because FSH, LH, TSH, E2 and Prolactin levels in the blood are most accurate during menstruation. According to the hormone levels, it is determined whether the expectant mother is suitable for treatment.

    As we mentioned above, the patient who decides to have IVF treatment should give a blood test on the 2nd or 3rd day of the menstrual cycle. The patient does not need to fast for the blood test. After the blood test, ultrasound imaging is performed to look at the ovaries and uterus. Thus, the factors that may prevent IVF treatment are examined.

    Who Is In Vitro Fertilization Applied?

    In vitro fertilization method is applied to patients who have the infertility causes mentioned earlier in their body. These;

    • To prospective fathers with low sperm count (under 10 million)
    • To prospective fathers with sperm motility
    • For expectant mothers with cystic structures in their ovaries.
    • Couples with long-term treatment
    • Couples who cannot have children naturally,
    • Couples with genetic problems,
    • To women whose tube and egg relationship is broken,
    • Men with undescended testicles,
    • Patients with clogged tubes,
    • Men with impaired sperm shape,
    • In vitro fertilization treatment is applied to patients diagnosed with unexplained infertility.

    What is the Age Limit in IVF?

    The age of the woman is a very important factor and it definitely affects the success because as the woman gets older, the number of eggs decreases and the fertilization capacity of the egg decreases. However, 20-25% pregnancies can be obtained with preimplantation genetic diagnosis in women over 40 years of age with good ovarian capacity.

    What are the Success Rates in IVF Treatment?

    The success rate in IVF varies according to the age factor of the expectant mother. As age increases, IVF success decreases. For this reason, we recommend early parenting to our couples. The main factor in natural pregnancy or IVF treatment is the female partner. If the woman is older, the quality of the egg is also low. The low quality of the egg reduces the chance of pregnancy.

    First of all, in IVF treatment; It is aimed to “get pregnancy at the first time”. Of course, not all couples get pregnant in the first time. Because the treatment process of each patient, the cause of infertility, egg sperm quality is different. After a maximum of 3 IVF attempts, 80% of couples can get pregnant.

    If pregnancy does not occur in the first attempt, couples; It is directly related to being overweight, experiencing stress, and problems in the uterus or tubes. In addition, the factors that negatively affect the treatment are smoking and alcohol use. Consumption

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